Abstract: This review essay provides a systematic overview of online media communication research conducted in Vietnam over recent decades. The authors employed comprehensive review methods to analyze published research papers, dissertations, and references within Vietnam, all of which discuss online media and communication studies and their influence on various aspects of the country’s development. The review highlights that Vietnam’s determination in pursuing a digital transformation strategy has significantly altered the landscape of media and communication within the country. As a result, research on online media and communication has grown in both quantity and diversity. Key topics of investigation include technological development, the roles of online media, journalistic ethics, audience behavior, social and business impacts, legal aspects, and digital security. Despite exploring various dimensions of media and communication digitalization, these studies share common characteristics. Notably, they focus heavily on the practical side of digitalization, aiming more at proposing solutions rather than contributing to the theoretical development of media and communication.